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Describe Montresorã¢â‚¬â„¢s Family Crest and Motto (Page 535). What Do They Say About Him?

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Christmas family crest

Christmas is an uncommon English-linguistic communication surname. The origin is uncertain; some genealogy books state that it was given to people born virtually Christmas, while this is disputed by researchers, and DNA tests performed on men with the surname show that the majority of those descend from a mutual ancestor. Others propose it was given to people who organised Christmas festivities, or has a Norman origin. Most prominent in Southern England, various notable people from around the world have had the surname, and it has been given to a number of fictional characters. The William Faulkner graphic symbol Joe Christmas, from Light in August, has a much-discussed name. The blood disorder Christmas affliction or haemophilia B was first described in (and named for) a boy with the surname and is observed in other people of the name.

Etymology [edit]

The linguistic etymology of the English word "Christmas" is from Middle English "Crīstes mæsse", referring to the mass of (Jesus) Christ; the give-and-take "Crīstes" comes from the Greek "Chrīstos", "Χριστός". The discussion "Christmas", used to denote the celebration of the nativity of Jesus on 25 December, appeared effectually the 12th century.[one]

Origin [edit]

There is no certain origin of Christmas as a surname.[two] Some books state that the proper noun was originally given to those born on or virtually Christmas, indicating "one built-in at Christmas",[2] either directly equally a surname[3] or initially every bit a byname[4] or given name[5] which became a patronymic and then an inherited surname.[six] [vii] Charles Wareing Endell Bardsley, writing in the 1870s, noted that Noel had been a common given proper name for boys born on Christmas, just as the French significant became obscured in England, the proper name Christmas replaced it.[five] By the 1990s, the given proper name Christmas had been replaced past Noel again, when used in this fashion.[8] Bardsley did report finding record of a child named Christmas unrelated to the flavor: having the surname Day, his parents had given him the proper name to make him Christmas Day.[5] Genealogical researcher Henry Christmas contends that the "i born at Christmas" proposal is "likewise easy" and does not make sense with the rareness and localization of the surname.[ii]

Records stating the "one built-in at Christmas" origin include A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames (1896) by Bardsley[9] and Surnames of the United Kingdom (1912) by Henry Harrison.[x] The primeval tape of this origin is in Patronymica Britannica (1860) by Marker Antony Lower, which sources information technology to speculation by Tudor historian William Camden, stating: "CHRISTMAS, CHRISMAS. Originally imposed, Camden thinks, every bit a baptismal name, in outcome of the individual having been born on the day of the festival."[11]

In 2005, geneticists in Oxford led by Bryan Sykes found that, of a selection of men with the surname, 70% were descended from i 13th-century Yorkshireman. Henry Christmas traced lineage of the surname; spelt "Chrystmasse" in the earliest records he found, he suggested that it is Norman in origin.[2] In The Norman People and Their Existing Descendants in the British Dominions and the United States of America (1874), published past Henry Samuel Male monarch, the surname is said to be a directly translation of the French surname Noel.[12]

The Dictionary of American Family Names (2003) by Patrick Hanks notes ii origins of the surname: given to someone with a relation to Christmas, e.g. a leader of festivities, and a translation of French Noel.[xiii]

History [edit]

The name is principally found in Essex and Sussex counties in England;[2] in Henry B. Guppy'southward 1890 Homes of Family Names in Great United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland it is described as an "ancient name" in this area, also nowadays in Cambridgeshire, surviving into the 13th century as "Cristemasse". Guppy notes that John Crystmasse was a nobleman of the surface area in 1433.[14] The name has been recorded with spellings "Cristemass" in 1185 and 1191, and "Cristesmesse" in 1308.[15] The Norman People notes a Richard Christmasse in c.1272.[12] Hanks too noted the name as pertaining to Southern England, but found an established family in County Waterford, Republic of ireland, in 1622.[13]

During the time of James I, Gerard or Garrett Christmas[16] and his sons, John and Matthew, were involved in producing entertainment. They were trained carvers but, thanks to their craft, likewise staged the Lord Mayor'south Evidence annual pageants for the Lord Mayor of London, with regal approval. Their positions cumulatively lasted for twenty-one years, and their work was well-respected.[17] [18] In the 17th century, a Thomas Christmas was a trumpeter in Charles Two's court;[19] he and another Christmas from Waterford have their names written as "Christmas" in a imperial record printed in 1691, while the celebration itself is written with the spelling "Christmass".[20] A unlike Thomas Christmas, whose will was dated 1520, was a merchant and major philanthropist in Colchester.[21]

In the 20th century, William Herbert Turner compiled two volumes of Christmas families based in South Carolina and the East Coast of the U.s..[22] [23]

Christmas illness [edit]

The blood disorder haemophilia B is too known equally Christmas illness, named after Stephen Christmas, the starting time patient described with the status;[24] the Journal of Haemophilia Practice said that Stephen Christmas's parents, in naming him Stephen and his brother Robin with the surname Christmas, had a sense of humor.[25] Other men named Christmas have been found to have the condition, which is inherited.[26] A deficiency of Factor IX, or: the Christmas factor, also named for Stephen Christmas, causes Christmas disease.[27] The condition was first published in a journal at Christmas, leading some to assume it was offensively named for the holiday and need its proper name exist changed. As a result, the condition is now formally known as haemophilia B.[25]

Notable persons with the surname Christmas [edit]

  • Art Christmas (1905–1961), Canadian jazz saxophonist
  • Cecil Christmas (1886–1916), English footballer
  • Celestina Christmas (1827–1859), English murderer (as Celestina Sommer)
  • Dani Christmas (born 1987), British racing cyclist and sometime runner
  • David Christmas (born 1969), English language cricketer
  • Demarcus Christmas (born 1995), American football player
  • Dionte Christmas (born 1986), American professional person basketball player
  • Edward A. Christmas (1903–1969), American horse trainer
  • Eric Christmas (1916–2000), British role player
  • Ernst William Christmas (1863–1918), Australian painter
  • George R. Christmas (born 1940), American Marine Corps general
  • Henry Christmas (1811–1868), English Anglican priest
  • Jarred Christmas (built-in c. 1980), New Zealand-born British comedian
  • John Christmas (born 1969), American old banker and writer
  • Johnny Christmas (born 1982), lacrosse player for Philadelphia Wings
  • Julie Christmas (born 1975), American heavy metal vocalist
  • Karima Christmas (born 1989), American female professional basketball game histrion
  • Keith Christmas (born 1946), English singer songwriter
  • Lee Christmas (1863–1924), American mercenary
  • Mary Christmas, American magazine editor
  • Rakeem Christmas (born 1991), American college basketball player
  • Randy Christmas (1920–1969), Mayor of Miami, Florida
  • Ruth Christmas (1904–2001), English middle-distance runner
  • Stephen Christmas (1947–1993), for whom the blood clotting protein Factor IX was named
  • Steve Christmas (built-in 1957), American Major League Baseball game thespian
  • William Christmas (Kilmallock MP) (1734–1803), Irish politician, MP for Kilmallock 1776–1783
  • William Christmas (Waterford MP) (1798–1867), Irish gaelic politician, Bourgeois Party MP for Waterford City
  • William Whitney Christmas (1895–1960), American aviation pioneer and designer of the Christmas Bullet aircraft

Fictional characters with the name Christmas [edit]

  • Joe Christmas (come across below), a character in William Faulkner'south novel Light in August
  • Lee Christmas, played past Jason Statham, a fellow member of the Expendables in the moving picture franchise of the aforementioned proper noun
  • Lloyd Christmas, played by Jim Carrey, one of the chief characters in the Dumb and Dumber movie franchise
  • Miss Merry Christmas, member of Bizarre Works from the manga series Ane Slice
  • Rev. Tom Christmas, protagonist of C. C. Benison's Begetter Christmas Mystery serial of books
  • The Christmas family in 2021 vacation flick Begetter Christmas Is Dorsum
  • An unseen grapheme named U.S. Christmas is referred to in the 1973 movie, Pat Garrett and Baton the Kid

Joe Christmas [edit]

Faulkner'south character of Joe Christmas has a lot of his identity based on his name. The name had been given to him when he was left at an orphanage on Christmas, merely he claims it over the surname of his foster father.[28] [29] Scholarly researcher Owen Robinson wrote that "the self represented past the name "Christmas" is the very core of Joe'due south largely inarticulate being"; he quoted Alfred Kazin stating that, because of its lack of personal identity, the proper name Joe Christmas "is worse than any real name could be". Robinson argues that choosing to merits a lack of identity embodies the character'south approach to matters, and this plays an of import role in driving the narrative. The story likewise contains racial conflict, with Joe Christmas'southward ambivalence a main issue; over again, his name is used to define him, when another character asks "Did you lot ever hear of a white man named Christmas?"[29] on page twenty-nine. At that place is also religious conflict, with Joe Christmas'southward foster father at one betoken describing his surname as sacrilegious.[thirty] Some scholars take compared Joe Christmas to Jesus Christ.[31]

Run into also [edit]

  • Christmas (disambiguation)
  • Christ (surname)
  • List of mayors of Waterford, several of whom were named Christmas
  • Surnames which mean "Christmas" in other languages:
    • Božić
    • Di Natale
    • Juhl

References [edit]

  1. ^ Fink, Jenni (2019-12-25). "Why is it called Christmas? The origin and significant of the name explained". Newsweek . Retrieved 2021-12-26 .
  2. ^ a b c d eastward "Deoxyribonucleic acid search for 'father' Christmas". BBC News. 2005-eleven-23. Retrieved 2007-12-25 .
  3. ^ Anderson, William (1865). Genealogy and Surnames: With Some Heraldic and Biographical Notices. Ritchie. p. 62.
  4. ^ Mckinley, Richard (2014-05-12). A History of British Surnames. Routledge. p. 160. ISBN978-1-317-90146-four.
  5. ^ a b c Bardsley, Charles Westward. (1877). "The Romance of the London Directory, Chapter IV. The Bible and Nomenclature". The Fireside annual, pictorial almanac; conducted by C. Bullock. pp. 473–475.
  6. ^ Rowlands, John; Rowlands, Sheila (1996). The Surnames of Wales: For Family Historians and Others. Genealogical Publishing Com. p. 85. ISBN978-0-8063-1516-4.
  7. ^ Tieken-Boon van Ostade, Ingrid; Frankis, John; Whaley, Diana (1991). Linguistic communication Usage and Description: Studies Presented to North.E. Osselton on the Occasion of His Retirement. Rodopi. p. 12. ISBN978-90-5183-312-6.
  8. ^ Kirwin, William; Seary, E. (1998-11-01). Family Names of the Island of Newfoundland: Corrected Edition. McGill-Queen'southward Press - MQUP. p. 93. ISBN978-0-7735-6741-2.
  9. ^ Charles Wareing Endell Bardsley (1896). A Dictionary of English language and Welsh Surnames. p. 180.
  10. ^ Harrison, Henry (1912). Surnames of the United Kingdom: a concise etymological dictionary. London: Eaton Printing. OL 17313721M.
  11. ^ Lower, Marker Antony (1860). Patronymica Britannica: a dictionary of the family unit names of the Uk. London: J.R. Smith. pp. iii, sixty. OL 7067015M.
  12. ^ a b The Norman People and Their Existing Descendants in the British Dominions and the United states of america of America. Henry Southward. Rex & Company. 1874. p. 198.
  13. ^ a b Hanks, Patrick (2003-05-08). Dictionary of American Family Names: 3-Book Prepare. Oxford Academy Printing, USA. p. 332. ISBN978-0-nineteen-508137-four.
  14. ^ Guppy, Henry Brougham (1890). Homes of Family Names in Great Britain. Harrison and Sons. p. 84.
  15. ^ Reaney, P. H.; Wilson, R. M. (1991). A Dictionary of English Surnames. Psychology Printing. pp. 658–659. ISBN978-0-415-05737-0.
  16. ^ Related text tin can be found Works related to Lexicon of National Biography, 1885-1900/Christmas, Gerard at Wikisource
  17. ^ Bergeron, David M. (1968). "The Christmas Family: Artificers in English language Civic Pageantry". ELH. 35 (three): 354–364. doi:ten.2307/2872281. ISSN 0013-8304. JSTOR 2872281.
  18. ^ Wiggins, Martin (2012). Drama and the transfer of ability in Renaissance England (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford Academy Press. pp. 83–87. ISBN978-0-nineteen-965059-0. OCLC 783148796.
  19. ^ Highfill, Philip H.; Burnim, Kalman A.; Langhans, Edward A. (1973). A Biographical Lexicon of Actors, Actresses, Musicians, Dancers, Managers, and Other Stage Personnel in London, 1660-1800. SIU Printing. p. 400. ISBN9780809305179.
  20. ^ King, William (2004). The state of the Protestants of Ireland under the tardily King James'due south government in which their carriage towards him is justified, and the accented necessity of their endeavouring to be freed from his regime, and of submitting to their present Majesties is demonstrated. pp. 273–274, 311–312.
  21. ^ Goose, Nigel (2006). "The rise and pass up of philanthropy in early modern Colchester: the unacceptable face of mercantilism?". Social History. 31 (four): 469–487. doi:10.1080/03071020600898726. hdl:2299/1994. ISSN 0307-1022. JSTOR 23073536. S2CID 144230568.
  22. ^ Turner, William Herbert (1999). Some Christmas Families. Vol. 1. Due west.H. Turner.
  23. ^ Turner, William Herbert (1999). Some Christmas Families. Vol. 2. Due west.H. Turner.
  24. ^ Giangrande PL (June 2003). "Six characters in search of an author: the history of the classification of coagulation factors". Br. J. Haematol. 121 (5): 703–12. doi:x.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04333.x. PMID 12780784.
  25. ^ a b Giangrande, Paul (2015-03-01). "Glad tidings for haemophilia B patients". The Journal of Haemophilia Practice. two (ane): ane–two. doi:10.17225/jhp.00038. ISSN 2055-3390. S2CID 76812649.
  26. ^ Kaufman, Randal J. (1999-09-01). "Advances toward Cistron Therapy for Hemophilia at the Millennium". Human Gene Therapy. 10 (13): 2091–2107. doi:10.1089/10430349950017095. ISSN 1043-0342. PMID 10498242.
  27. ^ Biggs R, Douglas AS, Macfarlane RG, Dacie JV, Pitney WR (Dec 1952). "Christmas affliction: a status previously mistaken for haemophilia". British Medical Journal. ii (4799): 1378–82. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.4799.1378. PMC2022306. PMID 12997790.
  28. ^ Holman, C. Hugh (1958). "The Unity of Faulkner's Light in August". Publications of the Modern Linguistic communication Association of America. 73 (1): 155–166. doi:ten.2307/460285. ISSN 0030-8129. JSTOR 460285.
  29. ^ a b Robinson, Owen (2003). ""Liable to be anything": The Creation of Joe Christmas in Faulkner's Light in August". Journal of American Studies. 37 (one): 119–133. doi:10.1017/S0021875803006960. ISSN 1469-5154. S2CID 144679171.
  30. ^ Winkleblack, Carole Booker (1976). "Joe Christmas: A Hero in Conflict in Faulkner'south Light in Baronial."
  31. ^ Lamont, Westward. H. (1957). "The Chronology of "Lite in Baronial" ". Modernistic Fiction Studies, 3 (4): 360.

External links [edit]

  • Christmas Families Home Page Retrieved Apr 2, 2013
  • Christmas Family History at AncientFaces.com Retrieved Apr 2, 2013

morganbegrold.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_%28surname%29

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